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Cron Job in Magento 1 and Magento 2 (Developer Certification Exam)

Sep 12, 2017

1899 Andrey Litvin

Cron Job in Magento 1 and Magento 2 (Developer Certification Exam)

Cron job is the main way to run repeated tasks. It’s used in Magento for such tasks as indexing, email processing, currency rate update.

Magento 1

Setting up cron job
To configure Magento 1 cron job, you need to log into your server via SSH, run crontab -e and add the following line:

*/5 * * * * sh /path/to/your/magento/site/root/cron.sh

Save changes and close the file. This will allow cron.sh to run every five minutes.

Creating a custom cron job
In your module etc/config.xml:


Then in model/observer.php:


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Magento 2

To set up Magento 2 cron job properly, you need to log into your Magento server via SSH as a filesystem owner and add the following lines to crontab (crontab -e):

* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/magento2/bin/magento cron:run | grep -v “Ran jobs by schedule” >> /var/www/magento2/var/log/magento.cron.log
* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/magento2/update/cron.php >> /var/www/magento2/var/log/update.cron.log
* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/magento2/bin/magento setup:cron:run >> /var/www/magento2/var/log/setup.cron.log

Where /usr/bin/php is a path to php binary and /var/www/magento2 is a path to your Magento 2 installation.

Creating a custom cron job
In your module etc/crontab.xml:

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And in Cron/Test.php:


You can optionally set up a custom cron group in case when you need your cron job to run on a different schedule than other cron jobs or with different settings.

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Perform this in etc/cron_groups.xml:


Where:
schedule_generate_every – frequency that schedules are written to the database.
schedule_ahead_for – time in advance that schedules are written to the database. schedule_lifetime – schedule lifetime in minutes.
history_cleanup_every – time that cron history is kept in the database.
history_success_lifetime – time the record of successfully completed cron jobs are kept in the database.
history_failure_lifetime – time the record of failed cron jobs are kept in the database.
use_separate_process – allows each cron job to run in a separate process.

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